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''Victory over the Sun'' ((ロシア語:''Победа над Cолнцем''), ''Pobeda nad Solntsem'') is a Russian Futurist opera premiered in 1913 at the Luna Park in Saint Petersburg. The libretto written in ''zaum'' language was contributed by Aleksei Kruchonykh, the music was written by Mikhail Matyushin, the prologue was added by Velimir Khlebnikov, and the stage designer was Kasimir Malevich. The performance was organized by the artistic group Soyuz Molodyozhi. The opera has become famous as the event where Malevich made his first "Black Square" painting (in 1915). The opera was intended to underline parallels between literary text, musical score, and the art of painting, and featured a cast of such extravagant characters as ''Nero and Caligula in the Same Person'', ''Traveller through All the Ages'', ''Telephone Talker'', ''The New Ones'', etc. The audience reacted negatively and even violently to the performance, as have some subsequent critics and historians. A documentary film about the opera was made in 1980. ==Translation== Victory Over the Sun // Ed. Patricia Railing, translator Evgeny Steiner. London: Artists.Bookworks, 2009. 2 vols. ISBN 978-0-946311-19-4 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Victory over the Sun」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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